This paper discusses the reconstruction progress and future of local communities in tsunamiaffected areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Mental problems have been cited as a long-term issue affecting victims in the areas. At the same time, these areas have also seen the withdrawal of supporters. These withdrawals are unavoidable as reconstruction progresses because most of the supporters come from outside the region. Therefore, the local communities must build a foundation to support victims’ lives. Thus, we must ask, what kind of process has been followed? I would like to focus on the loss and regaining process of “ikigai” (=the reason for existence) of victims, based on the contents of my book, The Sociology of Post-Earthquake Reconstruction and of the reason for existence. This paper will discuss three cases in Iwanuma City and Watari Town.

　In the case of farmers in Iwanuma, the damage caused by the tsunami and the reconstruction policies of building “strong agriculture” changed the area’s industrial structure. Most elderly farmers accepted the policies and decided to retire, but were troubled by the loss of their daily habits, and having “nothing to do.” To overcome this, they restarted farming as a way of life, which was opposite to the planned policy.

　However, not all victims could address loss of livelihood by themselves, therefore, the support activities conducted by non-profit groups (NPOs) were successful. The “Healthy Agriculture” program in Watari provided an opportunity to overcome the loss of the way of life.

　However, when supporters withdrew in 2016, after 5 years from the disaster, the continuation of the activities became problematic. Another NPO led by residents then took over, and a sense of community was created among the inland and coastal residents, who had little to do with each other before.

　Based on these results, I would like to suggest discussion themes for future research on regions and communities.